Calcium carbonate is a common chemical compound with the formula CaCO₃. It consists of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and carbonate ions (CO₃²⁻), forming a white, odorless powder or crystalline solid under standard conditions.
Major Uses
Construction Industry
Key ingredient in cement, mortar, and concrete.
Dimension stone (marble) used for flooring and decoration.
Industrial Applications
Filler in paper, plastics, paints, and rubber.
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) to reduce SO₂ emissions.
Agriculture
Agricultural lime to neutralize acidic soils.
Health & Food
Dietary calcium supplement (antacids, tablets).
Food additive (E170) as an anti-caking agent or color.
Biological Importance
Essential for bone and teeth formation in animals.
Marine organisms use CaCO₃ to build shells and skeletons.
Plays a role in the carbon cycle and ocean chemistry.
Environmental Impact
Acts as a natural buffer in aquatic systems by neutralizing acids.
Excessive mining of limestone can disrupt ecosystems and landscapes.
Contributes to carbon sequestration via natural weathering processes.
